The symbiosis between cnidarians (eg, corals or sea anemones) and intracellular
dinoflagellate algae of the genus Symbiodinium is of immense ecological importance. In …

The dual character of corals, that they are both auto‐and heterotrophs, was recognized early
in the twentieth Century. It is generally accepted that the symbiotic association between …

Ocean acidification (OA) is considered an important threat to coral reef ecosystems, because
it reduces the availability of carbonate ions that reef-building corals need to produce their …

" There are more coral species in deep, cold-waters than in tropical coral reefs. This broad-
ranging treatment is the first to synthesise current understanding of all types of cold-water …

SYNOPSIS. Photosynthesis and calcification in zooxanthellate scleractinian corals and coral
reefs are reviewed at several scales: cellular (pathways and transport mechanisms of …

In spite of more than one century and half of studies, mechanisms of coral biomineralization,
leading to coral growth and reef formation, still remain poorly known, although major global …

In this review we discuss the present knowledge on the biological and environmental control
of biomineralization (calcification) in hermatypic corals. We describe first the anatomy of the …

The mechanism of calcification and its relation to photosynthesis and respiration were
studied with Ca 2+, pH and O 2 microsensors using the scleractinian coral Galaxea …

Corals open an exceptional window into many phenomena of geological, geochemical,
climatic, and paleontological interest. From the Paleozoic to the present, corals provide …

Coral reefs represent the most spectacular and diverse marine ecosystem on the planet as
well as a critical source of income for millions of people. However, the combined effects of …