Neural crest cells are a vertebrate-specific migratory, multipotent cell population that give
rise to a diverse array of cells and tissues during development. Cranial neural crest cells, in …

BMP signaling is one of the key pathways regulating craniofacial development. It is involved
in the early patterning of the head, the development of cranial neural crest cells, and facial …

Craniosynostosis is a debilitating birth defect characterized by the premature fusion of
cranial bones resulting from premature loss of stem cells located in suture tissue between …

Premature fusion of the cranial sutures (craniosynostosis), affecting 1 in 2000 newborns, is
treated surgically in infancy to prevent adverse neurologic outcomes. To identify mutations …

The transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) family of signaling molecules, which includes TGF-
βs, activins, inhibins, and numerous bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and growth and …

Cranial sutures separate neighboring skull bones and are sites of bone growth. A key
question is how osteogenic activity is controlled to promote bone growth while preventing …

Calvarial bone is one of the most complex sequences of developmental events in
embryology, featuring a uniquely transient, pluripotent stem cell-like population known as …

Craniosynostosis, the premature ossification of one or more skull sutures, is a clinically and
genetically heterogeneous congenital anomaly affecting approximately one in 2,500 live …

Non-syndromic craniosynostosis (NSC) is a frequent congenital malformation in which one
or more cranial sutures fuse prematurely. Mutations causing rare syndromic …

The bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathway is highly conserved across many
species, and its importance for the patterning of the skeletal system has been demonstrated …