Uveal melanoma represents∼ 85% of all ocular melanomas and up to 50% of patients
develop metastatic disease. Metastases are most frequently localised to the liver and, as few …

Uveal melanoma (UM), a rare cancer of the eye, is distinct from cutaneous melanoma by its
etiology, the mutation frequency and profile, and its clinical behavior including resistance to …

All human cells, including cancer cells, need oxygen and nutrients to survive. A widely used
strategy to combat cancer is therefore the starvation of tumor cells by cutting off the blood …

Hypoxia, a condition of low oxygen availability, is a hallmark of tumour microenvironment
and promotes cancer progression and resistance to therapy. Many studies reported the …

Among Uveal Melanoma (UM) driver mutations, those involving GNAQ or GNA11 genes are
the most frequent, while a minor fraction of tumors bears mutations in the PLCB4 or …

Purpose Expression of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1-regulated gene product, vascular
endothelial growth factor (VEGF), correlates with tumor vascularity in patients with uveal …

Background: Current therapies for metastatic melanoma are targeted either at cancer
mutations driving growth (eg, vemurafenib) or immune-based therapies (eg, ipilimumab) …

Uveal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular malignant tumor in adults and half
of the primary tumors will develop fatal metastatic disease to the liver and the lung …

Uveal melanoma is the most frequent primary intraocular cancer in adulthood and is mostly
localised to the choroid. It can be treated using radiation therapy, laser therapy, local …

Background Sorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor of cell proliferation and angiogenesis, inhibits
the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway that is activated in most uveal melanoma …