Islets of Langerhans are islands of endocrine cells scattered throughout the pancreas. A
number of new studies have pointed to the potential for conversion of non-β islet cells in to …

The hormone glucagon has long been dismissed as a minor contributor to metabolic
disease. Here we propose that glucagon excess, rather than insulin deficiency, is the sine …

Type 1 diabetes is characterized by the destruction of pancreatic β cells, and generating
new insulin-producing cells from other cell types is a major aim of regenerative medicine …

Cell-identity switches, in which terminally differentiated cells are converted into different cell
types when stressed, represent a widespread regenerative strategy in animals, yet they are …

Total or near-total loss of insulin-producing β-cells occurs in type 1 diabetes,. Restoration of
insulin production in type 1 diabetes is thus a major medical challenge. We previously …

Glucagon is secreted from islet α cells and controls blood levels of glucose in the fasting
state. Impaired glucagon secretion predisposes some patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus …

Successful strategies for treating type 1 diabetes need to restore the function of pancreatic
beta cells that are destroyed by the immune system and overcome further destruction of …

Every animal species has a signature blood glucose level or glycemic set point. These set
points are different, and the normal glycemic levels (normoglycemia) of one species would …

The islet of Langerhans is a complex endocrine micro-organ consisting of a multitude of
endocrine and non-endocrine cell types. The two most abundant and prominent endocrine …

ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channels) link cell metabolism to electrical activity
by controlling the cell membrane potential. They participate in many physiological processes …