Changes in the composition of the gut microbiota are associated with many human
diseases. So far, however, we have failed to define homeostasis or dysbiosis by the …

A dense and diverse microbial community inhabits the gut and many epithelial surfaces.
Referred to as the microbiota, it co-evolved with the host and is beneficial for many host …

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases (NOX) are enzymes that
generate superoxide or hydrogen peroxide from molecular oxygen utilizing NADPH as an …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as the superoxide anion or hydrogen peroxide, have
been established over decades of research as, on the one hand, important and versatile …

During the last 20 years, a new field of research delineating the importance of the microbiota
in health and diseases has emerged. Inappropriate host-microbiota interactions have been …

Enteric bacterial pathogens pose significant threats to human health; however, the
mechanisms by which they infect the mammalian gut in the face of daunting host defenses …

In healthy plants, the innate immune system contributes to maintenance of microbiota
homoeostasis, while disease can be associated with microbiome perturbation or dysbiosis …

Despite the plant health-promoting effects of plant microbiota, these assemblages also
comprise potentially detrimental microbes. How plant immunity controls its microbiota to …

Background Intestinal inflammation disrupts the microbiota composition leading to an
expansion of Enterobacteriaceae family members (dysbiosis). Associated with this shift in …

Encapsulins are self-assembling protein nanocompartments capable of selectively
encapsulating dedicated cargo proteins, including enzymes involved in iron storage, sulfur …