Agricultural lands, because of their large area and exhaustive management practices, have
a substantial impact on the earth's carbon and nitrogen cycles, and agricultural activities …

Agricultural soil acts as a source and sink of important greenhouse gases (GHGs) like
methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and carbon dioxide (CO2). Rice paddies have been a …

Carbon dioxide (CO 2) is mainly universal greenhouse gas associated with climate change.
However, beyond CO 2, some other greenhouse gases (GHGs) like methane (CH 4) and …

Ecological rice-cropping systems (ERSs) are prosperous rice ecosystems that have a
profound influence on global greenhouse (GHG) effects. However, the high variation in …

Greenhouse gas (GHG) modelling tools or the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
(IPCC) inventory methods are often used to identify suitable mitigation strategies for GHG …

Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) is a long-lived potent greenhouse gas and stratospheric ozone-
depleting substance, which has been accumulating in the atmosphere since the pre …

Indonesia is likely to face a water crisis due to mismanagement of water resources,
inefficient water systems, and weak institutions and regulatory organizations. In 2020, most …

Green manure crops play an important role in reducing chemical fertilizer applications while
enhancing soil fertility. However, the effects of winter-planted green manure crops on rice …

Chinese milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus L) is a widely used leguminous green manure in
paddy rice culture and has potential to replace or partly replace inorganic nitrogen (N) …

Urea cocrystal materials have recently emerged as high nitrogen (N) content fertilizers with
low solubility capable of minimizing N loss and improving their use efficiency. However, their …