Although epidemic jaundice was well known to physicians of antiquity, it is only in recent
years that medical science has begun to unravel the origins of hepatitis A virus (HAV) and …

Infectious hepatitis type A and type E are caused by phylogenetically distinct single-
stranded, positive-sense RNA viruses that were once considered to be non-enveloped …

Our previous studies demonstrated that membrane-associated hepatitis E virus (HEV)
particles—now considered “quasi-enveloped particles”—are present in the multivesicular …

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the most common cause of acute viral hepatitis throughout the
world. Most infections are acute but they can become chronic in immunocompromised …

Viral egress and transmission have long been described to take place through single free
virus particles. However, viruses can also shed into the environment and transmit as …

The enterically transmitted hepatitis E virus (HEV) adopts a unique strategy to exit cells by
cloaking its capsid (encoded by the viral ORF2 gene) and circulating in the blood as “quasi …

Extracellular vesicles are small membrane structures containing proteins and nucleic acids
that are gaining a lot of attention lately. They are produced by most cells and can be …

Exosomes can transfer genetic materials between cells. Their roles in viral infections are
beginning to be appreciated. Researches have shown that exosomes released from virus …

Although most hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections are asymptomatic, some can be severe,
causing fulminant hepatitis and extra-hepatic manifestations, including neurological and …

Humans harbour a large quantity of microbes in the intestinal tract and have evolved
symbiotic relationships with many of them. However, several specific bacterial pathobionts …