New applications for biomolecules demand novel approaches for their synthesis and
modification. Traditional methods for modifying proteins and cells using non-specific …

Chemical and enzymatic modifications of peptide-displayed libraries have been successfully
employed to expand the phage display library. However, the requirement of specific …

Cone snail venoms contain a wide variety of bioactive peptides, including insulin-like
molecules with distinct structural features, binding modes and biochemical properties. Here …

Since its discovery in 1921, insulin has been at the forefront of scientific breakthroughs.
From its amino acid sequencing to the revelation of its three‐dimensional structure, the …

Targeted drug delivery and the reduction of off‐target effects are crucial for the promising
clinical application of nucleic acid drugs. To address this challenge, a new approach for …

Insulin derivatives provide new functions that are distinctive from native insulin. We
investigated insulin modifications on the C-terminal A chain with insulin receptor (IR) peptide …

Glucose-responsive insulin represents a promising approach to regulate blood glucose
levels. We previously showed that attaching two fluorophenylboronic acid (FPBA) residues …

Since insulin, a natural peptide composed of 51 amino acids, was first isolated and
commercialized in the 1920s, peptide drugs have greatly reshaped our modern drug …

The B-chain C-terminal region of insulin has been mutated or modified to achieve improved
therapeutic efficacies. For ex-ample, all FDA-approved insulin analogs have altered C …

The B-chain C-terminal region of insulin has been mutated or modified to achieve improved
therapeutic efficacies. For ex-ample, all FDA-approved insulin analogs have altered C …