Peptide neurotoxins from cone snails called conotoxins are renowned for their therapeutic
potential to treat pain and several neurodegenerative diseases. Inefficient assay-guided …

Geographical variation of animal venom is common among venomous animals. This kind of
intraspecific variation based on geographical location mainly concerned from envenomation …

Venoms comprise of complex mixtures of peptides evolved for predation and defensive
purposes. Remarkably, some carnivorous cone snails can inject two distinct venoms in …

Background Conopeptides, often generically referred to as conotoxins, are small
neurotoxins found in the venom of predatory marine cone snails. These molecules are …

Conopeptides and conotoxins are small peptides produced by cone snails as a part of their
predatory/defense strategies that target key ion channels and receptors in the nervous …

Abstract Polybia paulista (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) is a neotropical social wasp from
southeast Brazil. As most social Hymenoptera, venom from P. paulista comprises a complex …

Sea anemone (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) venom is an important source of bioactive compounds
used as tools to study the pharmacology and structure-function of voltage-gated K+ …

The venom of cone snails is composed of highly modified peptides (conopeptides) that
target a variety of ion channels and receptors. The venom of these marine gastropods …

Males of several scorpion species possess bigger telsons than females. In at least some of
these species, males repeatedly sting females during mating. This behaviour ('sexual sting') …

Proteomics refers to the study of the protein complement expressed by a genome and aims
to understand protein expression, regulation, function, and interactions. Expression …