Innate immunity constitutes the first line of the host defense after pathogen invasion. Viruses
trigger the expression of interferons (IFNs). These master antiviral cytokines induce in turn a …

Toll like receptors (TLRs) are present in many different fish families from several different
orders, including cyprinid, salmonid, perciform, pleuronectiform and gadiform …

Viruses are the most serious pathogenic threat to the production of the main aquacultured
salmonid species the rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss and the Atlantic salmon Salmo …

Infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN) is a disease of great concern in aquaculture, mainly
among salmonid farmers, since losses in salmonid fish—mostly very young rainbow trout …

Infectious diseases can impact the physiological performance of individuals, including their
mobility, visual acuity, behavior and tolerance and ability to effectively respond to additional …

Abstract Type I IFNs (IFN-I) are cytokines, which play a crucial role in innate and adaptive
immunity against viruses of vertebrates. In essence, IFN-I are induced and secreted upon …

The innate immune system is the first line defense mechanism that recognizes, responds to,
controls or eliminates invading pathogens. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a critical family of …

During the past decade, huge progress has been made in research into teleost PAMPs
(pathogen-associated molecule patterns) recognition receptors (PRRs). Numerous fish PRR …

Heart and Skeletal Muscle Inflammation (HSMI), recently associated with a novel Atlantic
salmon reovirus (ASRV), is currently one of the most prevalent inflammatory diseases in …

One of the most powerful innate immune responses against viruses is mediated by type I
IFN. In teleost fish, it is known that virus infection triggers the expression of ifn and many IFN …