The interferon regulatory factor (IRF) family of transcription factors play a vital role in the
human innate antiviral immune responses with production of interferons (IFNs) as a hallmark …

Interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) are a family of homologous proteins that regulate the
transcription of interferons (IFNs) and IFN-induced gene expression. As such they are …

Fate-changing transcription factors (TFs) scan chromatin to initiate new genetic programs
during cell differentiation and reprogramming. Yet the protein structure domains that allow …

In response to virus infections, a cell-autonomous, transcription-based antiviral program is
engaged to create resistance, impair pathogen replication, and alert professional cells in …

Abstract Interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) is a key transcription factor (TF) in the regulation
of immune cells, including B and T cells. It acts by binding DNA as both a homodimer and, in …

Microglia play a critical role in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease. They are
involved in Aβ-induced neuroinflammatory responses, regulating the production of …

Metabolism is typically contextualized in conjunction with proliferation and growth. The roles
of metabolic enzymes beyond metabolism—such as in innate immune responses—are …

Background Activated microglia play a vital role in neuroinflammation in the central nervous
system (CNS), which is associated with the pathogenesis and the progression of …

Abstract Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is an enveloped,
positive-sense RNA virus that emerged in 2012, causing sporadic cases and localized …

Melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) initiates type I interferon (IFN)
production by detecting cytosolic viral RNA. Mammalian MDA5 is an IFN-inducible gene and …