Allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis (AR), allergic asthma (AAS), atopic dermatitis (AD),
food allergy (FA), and eczema are systemic diseases caused by an impaired immune …

Chronic exposure to environmental pollutants is a major contributor to the development and
progression of obstructive airway diseases, including asthma and COPD. Understanding the …

The epithelial surfaces of the lungs are in direct contact with the environment and are
subjected to dynamic physical forces as airway tubes and alveoli are stretched and …

Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are obstructive airway disorders
which differ in their underlying causes and phenotypes but overlap in patterns of …

Lung epithelial cells are increasingly recognized to be active effectors of microbial defense,
contributing to both innate and adaptive immune function in the lower respiratory tract. As …

The primary function of the bronchial epithelium is to act as a defensive barrier aiding the
maintenance of normal airway function. Bronchial epithelial cells (BEC) form the interface …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the leading global causes of
morbidity and mortality. A hallmark of COPD is progressive airflow obstruction primarily …

Mucus pathology in cystic fibrosis (CF) has been known for as long as the disease has been
recognized and is sometimes called mucoviscidosis. The disease is marked by mucus …

Although eosinophilic inflammation is characteristic of asthma pathogenesis, neutrophilic
inflammation is also marked, and eosinophils and neutrophils can coexist in some cases …

The immune system safeguards organ integrity by employing a balancing act of
inflammatory and immunosuppressive mechanisms designed to neutralize foreign invaders …