Hypertension and atherosclerosis, the predecessors of stroke and myocardial infarction, are
chronic vascular inflammatory reactions. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), the “master” …

The threat to public health posed by rapidly increasing levels of cadmium (Cd) in the
environment is receiving worldwide attention. Although, Cd is known to be absorbed into the …

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer is a common and deadly malignant tumor. CD73, a cell‐surface
protein, acts as a switch of the adenosine‐related signaling pathway that can cause …

Background Aberrant AKT activation contributes to cancer stem cell (CSC) traits in
hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We previously reported that CD73 activated AKT signaling …

BACKGROUND: Vascular calcification and increased extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness
are hallmarks of vascular aging. Sox9 (SRY-box transcription factor 9) has been implicated …

Abstract Phosphoinositide 3-kinase γ (PI3Kγ) is a signaling protein that is constitutively
expressed in immune competent cells and plays a crucial role in cell proliferation, apoptosis …

Background Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) is generally used to treat complex
coronary artery disease. Treatment success is affected by neointimal hyperplasia (NIH) of …

Background and aims: One of the primary causes of lumen narrowing is vascular injury
induced during medical procedures. Vascular injury disrupts the integrity of the endothelium …

Background and aims The proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells
(VSMCs) are fundamental hallmarks of vasculopathy. Transforming growth factor β-activated …

Background and aims Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) plasticity is tightly associated
with the pathological process of vasculopathy. Blood vessel epicardial substance (Bves) has …