In plants, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) formed during normal conditions are essential
in regulating several processes, like stomatal physiology, pathogen immunity and …

The aerial portion of a plant, namely the leaf, is inhabited by pathogenic and non-pathogenic
microbes. The leaf's physical and chemical properties, combined with fluctuating and often …

Globally, substantial research into endophytic microbes is being conducted to increase
agricultural and environmental sustainability. Endophytic microbes such as bacteria …

The aerial surfaces of plants are covered by a protective barrier formed by the cutin
polyester and waxes, collectively referred to as the cuticle. Plant cuticles prevent the loss of …

In land plants the cuticle is the outermost layer interacting with the environment. This
lipophilic layer comprises the polyester cutin embedded in cuticular wax; and it forms a …

Salicylic acid (SA) is a plant hormone that has been described to play an essential role in
the activation and regulation of multiple responses to biotic and to abiotic stresses. In …

The plant cuticle is an extracellular barrier that protects the aerial, non-lignified parts of
plants from the surrounding environment, and furthermore plays important functions in organ …

Host jumping is a process by which pathogens settle in new host groups. It is a cornerstone
in the evolution of pathogens, as it leads to pathogen diversification. It is unsurprising that …

A plant cell wall is a highly complex structure consisting of networks of polysaccharides,
proteins, and polyphenols that dynamically change during growth and development in …

The aerial surface of higher plants is covered by a hydrophobic layer of cuticular waxes to
protect plant tissues against enormous environmental challenges including the infection of …