The proliferation of social media has increased cyber-aggressive behavior behind the
freedom of speech, posing societal risks from online anonymity to real-world consequences …

The Internet is a boon for mankind but its misuse has been increasing drastically. Social
networking platforms such as Facebook, Twitter and Instagram play a predominant role in …

With the enormous increase in accessibility of high-speed internet, the number of social
media users is increasing rapidly. Due to a lack of proper regulations and ethics, social …

Zigzag conversational patterns of contents in social media are often perceived as noisy or
informal text. Unrestricted usage of vocabulary in social media communications complicates …

Many people have begun to use social media platforms due to the increased use of the
Internet over the previous decade. It has a lot of benefits, but it also comes with a lot of risks …

Toxic content is a global problem, but most resources for detecting toxic content are in
English. When datasets are created in other languages, they often focus exclusively on one …

Hate speech detection refers to the task of detecting hateful content that aims at denigrating
an individual or a group based on their religion, gender, sexual orientation, or other …

As an extension of bullying on social networks, cyberbullying has seriously affected the
security of the online social environment and infringed on mental health. Taking appropriate …

Social media such as Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter are powerful and essential platforms
where people express and share their ideas, knowledge, talents, and abilities with others …

The pervasiveness of offensive language on social networks has caused adverse effects on
society, such as abusive behavior online. It is urgent to detect offensive language and curb …