Notwithstanding many efforts to increase the efficiency of anaerobic digestion at low-
temperature (winter) conditions, a cost-effective and efficient method is lacking. This study …

Key developments of instrumentation, control and automation (ICA) applications in
wastewater systems during the past 40 years are highlighted in this paper. From the first ICA …

Eight small-scale municipal wastewater treatment plants were evaluated over a period of 19
months in the suburb of Las Rozas in Madrid (Spain). Four plants used compact extended …

SBR technology is considered an alternative to conventional processes such as Phoredox,
Five-stage Bardenpho, among the others for treating nutrients in wastewaters. It is especially …

The biological nitrogen removal (BNR) involves two processes: nitrification and
denitrification. Denitrification occurs almost exclusively under facultative anaerobic or …

Water is one of the most essential resources for living and is utilized for different purposes
including domestic, industrial, and agricultural and other such applications. The water …

Two small-scale municipal wastewater treatment plants (Neghelli and Terrarossa)
discharging effluents into a lagoon of great environmental interest and highly stressed by …

Recent decades have witnessed extensive discussions on decentralized systems and
source separation. Comparisons between conventional centralized and local solutions have …

This study aims to investigate the effect of different seasons (where the temperature would
be different) on the performance (phosphorous, nitrogen, and organic matter removal) of …

Water plays a central role in the existence and activities of mankind. First of all, within the
human body, water serves as the main vector for assimilation, excretion and transportation …