Androgen receptor (AR) signaling exerts an antiestrogenic, growth-inhibitory influence in
normal breast tissue, and this role may be sustained in estrogen receptor α (ERα)-positive …

Breast cancer and prostate cancer are the two most common invasive cancers in women
and men, respectively. Although these cancers arise in organs that are different in terms of …

The 15 members of the kallikrein-related serine peptidase (KLK) family have diverse tissue-
specific expression profiles and putative proteolytic functions. The kallikrein family is also …

To review the influence of sex hormones on the progression of breast, prostate, gynecologic,
and colorectal cancer. The literature was reviewed in an informal manner utilizing the …

Testosterone and estrogen are essential for male behaviors in vertebrates. How these two
signaling pathways interact to control masculinization of the brain and behavior remains to …

Our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the pharmacological actions of
estrogen receptor (ER) ligands has evolved considerably in recent years. Much of this …

Androgen receptor (AR) is expressed in 90% of estrogen receptor alpha–positive (ER+)
breast tumors, but its role in tumor growth and progression remains controversial. Use of two …

Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are one of the principal therapeutic approaches for estrogen
receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer in postmenopausal women. They block estrogen …

Sex steroid hormones such as estrogens and androgens are involved in the development
and differentiation of the breast tissue. The activity and concentration of sex steroids is …

Aromatase and estrogen receptor α (ER) are two key proteins for the proliferation of
endocrine-responsive and–resistant breast cancers. Aromatase is an enzyme involved in …