The simultaneous maturation of multiple digital and telecommunications technologies in
2020 has created an unprecedented opportunity for ophthalmology to adapt to new models …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus.
Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) has been developed to visualize the …

Retinal fundus diseases can lead to irreversible visual impairment without timely diagnoses
and appropriate treatments. Single disease-based deep learning algorithms had been …

Foundation vision-language models are currently transforming computer vision, and are on
the rise in medical imaging fueled by their very promising generalization capabilities …

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of legal blindness in the
industrialized world. AMD is characterized by accumulation of extracellular deposits, namely …

This chapter explores the role of AI and machine learning (ML) in image processing,
focusing on their applications. It covers AI techniques like supervised learning, unsupervised …

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a medical condition present in patients suffering from long-term
diabetes. If a diagnosis is not carried out at an early stage, it can lead to vision impairment …

Retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging is a valuable tool for assessing the
condition of the back part of the eye. The condition has a great effect on the specificity of …

Deep learning of fundus photograph has emerged as a practical and cost‐effective
technique for automatic screening and diagnosis of severer diabetic retinopathy (DR). The …

The emergence and outbreak of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) had a devasting effect on
global health, the economy, and individuals' daily lives. Timely diagnosis of COVID-19 is a …