• The specific situation of the patient. Unless otherwise provided for by national regulations,
off-label use of medication should be limited to situations where it is in the patient's interest …

Cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) infection is a potentially devastating
complication of CIED procedures, causing significant morbidity and mortality for patients. Of …

Implant-associated infections (IAIs) pose serious threats to patients and can be associated
with significant morbidity and mortality. These infections may be difficult to diagnose due, in …

Background Studies investigating cardiac implantable electronic device infective
endocarditis (CIED-IE) epidemiological changes and prognosis over long periods of time …

Cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) infections are morbid, costly, and
difficult to manage. This review explores the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management …

Background Infections of cardiovascular implantable electronic devices (CIED) are mainly
due to Gram-positive bacteria (GPB). Data about Gram-negative bacteria CIED (GNB-CIED) …

Abstract Purpose of Review Bloodstream infection (BSI) in patients with cardiac implantable
electronic devices (CIEDs) is common and can prompt challenges in defining optimal …

Background To investigate the difference in the severity of illness, organ dysfunction, and
prognosis of acute cholangitis due to different pathogenic bacterial infection types. Methods …

Background Using synthetic antibiotic‐eluting envelope (ABE) is an effective intervention for
prevention of cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) infection. The biologic …

Introduction: Surgical approaches to treat patients with abnormal pro-inflammatory
parameters remain controversial, and the debate on the correlation between hematological …