The blood-brain barrier (BBB) prevents neurotoxic plasma components, blood cells, and
pathogens from entering the brain. At the same time, the BBB regulates transport of …

Immune responses depend on the ability of leukocytes to move from the circulation into
tissue. This is enabled by mechanisms that guide leukocytes to the right exit sites and allow …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are key signaling molecules that play an important role in
the progression of inflammatory disorders. An enhanced ROS generation by …

Central nervous system (CNS) barriers predominantly mediate the immune-privileged status
of the brain, and are also important regulators of neuroimmune communication. It is …

A central function of the vascular endothelium is to serve as a barrier between the blood and
the surrounding tissue of the body. At the same time, solutes and cells have to pass the …

There is no “response” in either the innate or adaptive immune response unless leukocytes
cross blood vessels. They do this through the process of diapedesis, in which the leukocyte …

Each year about 650,000 Europeans die from stroke and a similar number lives with the
sequelae of multiple sclerosis (MS). Stroke and MS differ in their etiology. Although cause …

Endothelial cells control the passage of plasma constituents and circulating cells from blood
to the underlying tissues. This specialized function is lost or impaired in several pathological …

Tyrosine phosphorylation of the adhesion molecule VE-cadherin is assumed to affect
endothelial junction integrity. However, it remains unclear whether tyrosine residues of VE …

Neither the innate nor adaptive immune system “responds” unless leukocytes cross blood
vessels. This process occurs through diapedesis, in which the leukocyte moves in an …