Biogeography is the study of species distribution and diversity within an ecosystem and is at
the core of how we understand ecosystem dynamics and interactions at the macroscale. In …

The vagus nerve represents the main component of the parasympathetic nervous system,
which oversees a vast array of crucial bodily functions, including control of mood, immune …

Many intestinal pathogens, including Clostridioides difficile, use mucus-derived sugars as
crucial nutrients in the gut. Commensals that compete with pathogens for such nutrients are …

BACKGROUND Humans ingest a multitude of small molecules that are foreign to the body
(xenobiotics), including dietary components, environmental chemicals, and …

Mammalian gut microbiomes profoundly influence host fitness, but the processes that drive
the evolution of host-microbiome systems are poorly understood. Recent studies suggest …

Animals assemble and maintain a diverse but host-specific gut microbial community. In
addition to characteristic microbial compositions along the longitudinal axis of the intestines …

Discoveries made in the past 5 years indicate that the composition of the intestinal
microbiota has a major influence on the effectiveness of anticancer immunosurveillance and …

The first rudimentary evidence that the human body harbors a microbiota hinted at the
complexity of host-associated microbial ecosystems. Now, almost 400 years later, a …

Akkermansia muciniphila is an intestinal bacterium that was isolated a decade ago from a
human fecal sample. Its specialization in mucin degradation makes it a key organism at the …

The human intestinal microbiome has coevolved with its host to establish a stable
homeostatic relationship with hallmark features of mutualistic symbioses, yet the mechanistic …