COVID-19 has led to the closure of various schools in Japan to cope with the pandemic. This
study explores how school closure influences parents' work style based on short panel data …

Subsidized childcare is a key instrument to support maternal employment in most OECD
countries. Using a major reform implemented in Luxembourg in 2009, I study the effects of …

Women's employment plays an important role in household well-being, and among mothers,
lack of child care is one of the main reasons for not working and not seeking employment …

The study explores the case of China, namely, the impact of the availability of grandparents
on taking care of young children and its impact on the fertility of working women. The data …

We evaluate the effects of a massive expansion of after-school programs (ASPs) on
maternal employment in West Germany, where full-time employment rates are relatively low …

Ample empirical evidence has shown that access to childcare for preschool children
increases mothers' labor-force participation and employment. By estimating the causal effect …

Better employment quality can improve personal well-being, social cohesion, and inclusive
growth and development. Yet good quality jobs–associated with greater well-being–are less …

This chapter examines the barriers to gender equality in Japan. Despite the aspiration for
gender equality in government and companies, there remains a persistent gap between the …

I exploit the introduction of a policy package in France aimed at helping parents with the
care of young children. The reform affected all households with pre-school age children and …

Demographic shifts, changing family structures, evolving gender norms, and diverse
government policies have brought grandparenthood to the forefront of economic discourse …