During the last three decades, ultraviolet A1 (UVA1) phototherapy has emerged as a specific
phototherapeutic modality with distinct modes of action and some well established …

Background Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is a well‐known exacerbating factor for cutaneous
lupus erythematosus (CLE), with photosensitivity comprising one of the American College of …

The physical (UV irradiation) and chemical (glutaraldehyde) modification of galactomannan
(GMP) film was successfully prepared in this study. The data indicated that the UV irradiation …

Human skin equivalents (HSEs) are three‐dimensional skin organ culture models raised in
vitro. This review gives an overview of common techniques for setting up HSEs. The HSE …

Epidemiologic studies depict a negative correlation between caffeine consumption and
incidence of tumors in humans. The main pharmacological effects of caffeine are mediated …

Our knowledge on the function of mast cells (MC) as part of the immune system has
expanded from 'key cells in mediating allergy'to 'tunable regulators of the immune response' …

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation can activate the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), Jun
N-terminal kinase (JNK) and nuclear factor-κB (NFκB) pathways in skin cells. HaCaT cells …

Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) is a potentially disfiguring condition frequently
associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). CLE lesions are characteristically …

Objectives: To evaluate the effect and safety of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) on lupus
erythematosus (LE)-like skin lesions in the MRL/lpr mouse, a model for systemic LE (SLE) …

The exposure to ultraviolet radiations and visible light, or phototherapy, is a well-known
therapeutic tool available for the treatment of many dermatological disorders. The continuos …