Present article sketches out major climate induced changes in marine, aquatic and terrestrial
life. Few important biomarkers such as ecological, meteorological, socioeconomic, thermal …

Avian nests are critical for successful reproduction in birds. Nest microclimate can affect egg
development, chick growth and fledgling success, suggesting that nest building behavior …

Natural nests of egg-laying birds and reptiles exhibit substantial thermal variation, at a range
of spatial and temporal scales. Rates and trajectories of embryonic development are highly …

Nests are essential constructions that determine fitness, yet their structure can vary
substantially across bird species. While there is evidence supporting a link between nest …

The survival of a bird's developing embryo depends on the egg's ability to stay within strict
thermal limits. How eggshell colours help maintain thermal balance is a long-standing and …

Weather has a dominant impact on organisms, including their life histories and interspecific
interactions. Yet, for nesting birds, and the arthropods inhabiting bird nests, the direct and …

Most birds incubate their eggs to allow embryo development. This behaviour limits the ability
of adults to perform other activities. Hence, incubating adults trade off incubation and nest …

Males and females are defined by the relative size of their gametes (anisogamy), but
secondary sexual dimorphism in fertilization, parental investment and mating competition is …

Birds exhibit an assortment of behavioral strategies to cope with variable environmental
conditions during reproduction, including altering nest construction behaviors. In species …

Females must balance physiological and behavioral demands of producing offspring with
associated expenditures, such as resource acquisition and predator avoidance. Nest …