Abstract Background. Crotalidae Polyvalent Immune Fab (Ovine) has been the only
antivenom commercially available in the US since 2007 for treatment of Crotalinae …

The preclinical evaluation of the neutralizing efficacy of antivenoms is mandatory before a
product is introduced for clinical use. The World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for …

Rattlesnake envenomations account for many of the Crotalid envenomations in the United
States annually. Two antivenoms are currently available to treat Crotalid envenomation in …

Background Each year, 3,800 cases of snakebite envenomation are reported in Mexico,
resulting in 35 fatalities. The only scientifically validated treatment for snakebites in Mexico is …

We developed experimental equine polyvalent and monovalent antivenoms against the
venoms of Micrurus (M.) fulvius, M. nigrocinctus and M. surinamensis and studied their …

Abstract “Black widow” spiders belong to the genus Latrodectus and are one of the few
spiders in the world whose bite can cause severe envenomation in humans and domestic …

Background Among other applications, immunotherapy is used for the post-exposure
treatment and/or prophylaxis of important infectious diseases, such as botulism, diphtheria …

Envenomation by scorpions of the genus Tityus is an important public health problem in
Argentina, involving near 8000 stings and 2 deaths each year. Treatment for envenomation …

La fauna de reptiles de México es una de las más diversas del mundo y además presenta
un alto grado de endemismo. En México se distribuyen 864 especies de reptiles de las …

Kraits belong to the genus Bungarus which form an important group of snakes in India
(around 12 to 14 known species) and belong to the Elapidae family. One of these kraits …