The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays crucial roles in cardiovascular physiology
and pathophysiology. However, many of the signaling mechanisms have been unclear. The …

Besides the physiological regulation of water, sodium, and potassium homeostasis,
aldosterone modulates several physiological and pathological processes in the …

Blockers of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS), that is, renin inhibitors,
angiotensin (Ang)-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, Ang II type 1 receptor antagonists …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents a global health concern, and its prevalence is
increasing. The ultimate therapeutic option for CKD is kidney transplantation. However, the …

Estrogens play an important role in the regulation of normal physiology, aging and many
disease states. Although the nuclear estrogen receptors have classically been described to …

The discovery of steroid hormone receptors in brain regions that mediate every aspect of
brain function has broadened the definition of 'neuroendocrinology'to include the reciprocal …

The hyperphagia, low sympathetic nervous system tone, and decreased circulating
concentrations of bioactive thyroid hormones that are common to states of congenital leptin …

Abstract Purpose of Review While vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitors
(VEGFRis) have dramatically improved cancer survival, these drugs cause hypertension in a …

Primary aldosteronism (PA) is an endocrinopathy characterized by dysregulated
aldosterone production that occurs despite suppression of renin and angiotensin II, and that …

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) develops in∼ 40% of patients with diabetes and is the most
common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) worldwide. Patients with CKD, especially …