Background The number of young smokers is increasing, and hence their risk of respiratory
problems. This risk is exacerbated by their low level of physical activity, which also reduces …

University students are young adults who are productive and have relatively high physical
activity. Obesity is caused by imbalance between excessive food intake and low physical …

Online motorcycle taxi drivers have risk of being exposed to vehicle air pollution, especially
with smoking habits. Cigarette smoke can increase lipid peroxidation from PUFA …

The increasing number of motor vehicles will increase the exposure of air pollution. Air
pollution can cause respiratory disorders, especially on pedicab drivers who are working …

Smoking will reduce the metabolism of vitamin d in the body. Indonesia, as a tropical country
that has a high level of sun exposure, is one with a high prevalence of smokers. Early …

Asthma is a heterogeneous disease which is also one of the major health problems in the
world. Uncontrolled asthma symptoms will exacerbate asthma, which is the biggest cause of …

Asthma has a high prevalence in Indonesia. Good self-management is necessary for
therapy and greatly affects the level of asthma control symptoms. The patient's perception …

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have a higher risk for COVID-
19-related complications. Knowledge and perception will greatly influence the behavior of a …

Asthma has a high prevalence in Indonesia. Good self-management is necessary for
therapy and greatly affects the level of asthma control symptoms. The patient's perception …

Smoking habits have been shown to impact omega-3 food intake, and cigarette smoke can
increase lipid peroxidation through the induction of oxidative stress. Omega-3, an essential …