Dopamine regulates reward-related behavior through the mesolimbic dopaminergic
pathway. Stress affects dopamine levels and dopaminergic neuronal activity in the …

Stress is recognized as an important issue in basic and clinical neuroscience research,
based upon the founding historical studies by Walter Canon and Hans Selye in the past …

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent psychiatric disease that involves
malfunctions of different cell types in the brain. Accumulating studies started to reveal that …

Myriad clinical findings provide links between chronic stressors, inflammation, and mood
disorders. Furthermore, traumatic or chronic exposure to psychological stressors may …

An estimated 50% of depressed patients are inadequately treated by available interventions.
Even with an eventual recovery, many patients require a trial and error approach, as there …

Data from clinical and preclinical studies indicate that immune dysregulation, specifically of
inflammatory processes, is associated with symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD) …

Psychosocial stress has profound effects on the body, including the immune system and the
brain,. Although a large number of pre-clinical and clinical studies have linked peripheral …

Mood disorders are common and debilitating conditions characterized in part by profound
deficits in reward-related behavioural domains. A recent literature has identified important …

Major depressive disorder (MDD) will affect one out of every five people in their lifetime and
is the leading cause of disability worldwide. Nevertheless, mechanisms associated with the …

Depression is an episodic form of mental illness characterized by mood state transitions with
poorly understood neurobiological mechanisms. Antidepressants reverse the effects of …