Exosomes are spherical lipid bilayer vesicles composed of lipids, proteins and nucleic acids
that deliver signaling molecules through a vesicular transport system to regulate the function …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized particles that are released from cells and reflect
the characteristics of the mother cell. Recently, the EVs have been used in several types of …

Effective intracellular delivery of therapeutic proteins can potentially treat a wide array of
diseases. However, efficient delivery of functional proteins across the cell membrane …

Neurodegenerative disorders are complex, progressive, and life-threatening. They cause
mortality and disability for millions of people worldwide. Appropriate treatment for …

Cell heterogeneous nanomaterials based therapeutic strategies for Parkinson's disease
(PD) have been widely investigated, however, challenged by the potential toxicity …

Inflammatory diseases are common pathological processes caused by various acute and
chronic factors, and some of them are autoimmune diseases. Exosomes are fundamental …

Intranasal (IN) drug delivery is a non-invasive and effective route for the administration of
drugs to the brain at pharmacologically relevant concentrations, bypassing the blood–brain …

Disorders of the central nervous system (CNS), such as multiple sclerosis (MS) represent a
great emotional, financial and social burden. Despite intense efforts, great unmet medical …

Information exchange is essential for the brain, where it communicates the physiological and
pathological signals to the periphery and vice versa. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a …

The tripartite motif (TRIM) protein family has been investigated in multiple human cancers,
including gastric cancer (GC). However, the role of TRIM69 in the anoikis resistance and …