A group of European experts was commissioned to establish guidelines on the therapeutic
use of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) from evidence published up until …

Dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system afflicts most patients with Parkinson disease
and other synucleinopathies such as dementia with Lewy bodies, multiple system atrophy …

Bladder dysfunction (urinary urgency/frequency) is a common non-motor disorder in
Parkinson's disease (PD). In contrast to motor disorders, bladder dysfunction is sometimes …

Objective We aimed at assessing the usefulness of motor evoked potentials (MEPs) for
exploring the integrity of striated sphincters and pelvic floor motor innervation in normal …

Stroke and brain tumor are well-known brain diseases. The incidence of lower urinary tract
dysfunction (LUTD) in these patients ranges from 14% to 53%, mostly overactive bladder …

Bladder function of patients with P arkinson's disease alters significantly: the majority of
patients have overactive bladder (urinary urgency/frequency) with little or no post‐void …

Objective Parkinson's disease (PD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA) are major
neurogenerative diseases characterized pathologically by abnormal alpha-synuclein …

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is emerging as a valuable adjunctive
therapeutic modality in movement disorders. It is a non-invasive technique of repeated …

Traumatic or non-traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) can lead to severe disability and
complications. The incidence of SCI is high, and the rehabilitation cycle is long, which …

BACKGROUND: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been used in both
physiological studies and, more recently, the therapy of Parkinson's Disease (PD). Prior TMS …