This extensive review was written for the``Encyclopedia of Complexity and System
Science''(Springer, 2008) and addresses a broad audience ranging from engineers to …

Background. The three terms “panic”,“irrationality”, and “herding” are ubiquitous in the crowd
dynamics literature and have a strong influence on both modelling and management …

This paper proposes a new path planning approach for emergency evacuation simulation.
This technique combines the Extended Social Force Model (ESFM) and the Improved …

Modelling human behaviour in emergencies has become an important issue in safety
engineering. Good behavioural models can help increase the safety of transportation …

When humans escape from a threat in a crowded space, how do they choose the best
wayfinding strategy for their survival? This is a decision context in which individuals are …

The research of crowd evacuation plays the predominant role of guaranteeing the
controllability of the stampede disaster and decreasing accidents casualties. Herd behavior …

The integrated use of building information modeling (BIM) and geographic information
system (GIS) is promising for the development of asset management systems (AMSs) for …

The possible presence of social groups amongst occupants in indoor evacuation scenarios
and the potential discrepancies between their behaviour and that of single individuals have …

This paper investigates pedestrian crowd tactical‐level decision making during emergency
evacuations. Of particular interest is crowd exit‐choice behaviour. Two sources of stated …

Psychological factors affect the movement of people in the competitive or panic mode of
evacuation, in which the density of pedestrians is relatively large and the distance among …