We present two narratives on the future of Antarctica and the Southern Ocean, from the
perspective of an observer looking back from 2070. In the first scenario, greenhouse gas …

Important findings from the second decade of the 21st century on the impact of
environmental change on biological processes in the Antarctic were synthesised by 26 …

Ocean and coastal ecosystems support life on Earth and many aspects of human well-being.
Covering two-thirds of the planet, the ocean hosts vast biodiversity and modulates the global …

This chapter assesses the state of physical, biological and social knowledge concerning the
Arctic and Antarctic ocean and cryosphere, how they are affected by climate change, and …

The massive number of seabirds (penguins and procellariiformes) and marine mammals
(cetaceans and pinnipeds)–referred to here as top predators–is one of the most iconic …

Fisheries transform marine ecosystems and compete with predators [1], but temporal trends
in seabird-fishery competition had never been assessed on a worldwide scale. Using catch …

This chapter assesses the state of physical, biological and social knowledge concerning the
Arctic and Antarctic ocean and cryosphere, how they are affected by climate change, and …

Offshore wind energy development (OWED) is rapidly expanding globally and has the
potential to contribute significantly to renewable energy portfolios. However, development of …

Climate change may be an important threat to global biodiversity, potentially leading to the
extinction of numerous species. But how many? There have been various attempts to …

Quantifying species distributions using species distribution models (SDMs) has emerged as
a central method in modern biogeography. These empirical models link species occurrence …