Neurons are generally considered to communicate information by increasing or decreasing
their firing rate. However, in principle, they could in addition convey messages by using …

The cerebellum is involved in many motor, autonomic and cognitive functions, and new
tasks that have a cerebellar contribution are discovered on a regular basis. Simultaneously …

INTRODUCTION The brains of extant animals have evolved over hundreds of millions of
years from simple circuits. Cell types diversified, connections elaborated, and new brain …

The cerebellar vermis, long associated with axial motor control, has been implicated in a
surprising range of neuropsychiatric disorders and cognitive and affective functions …

Descending command neurons instruct spinal networks to execute basic locomotor
functions, such as gait and speed. The command functions for gait and speed are symmetric …

The cerebellum consists of parallel circuit modules that contribute to diverse behaviors,
spanning motor to cognitive. Recent work employing cell-type-specific tracing has identified …

Closed-loop circuitries between cortical and subcortical regions can facilitate precision of
output patterns, but the role of such networks in the cerebellum remains to be elucidated …

The cerebellum is a key player in many brain functions and a major topic of neuroscience
research. However, the cerebellar nuclei (CN), the main output structures of the cerebellum …

Cerebellar dysfunction relates to various psychiatric disorders, including autism spectrum
and depressive disorders. However, the physiological aspect is less advanced. Here, we …

Innate defensive behaviors, such as freezing, are adaptive for avoiding predation. Freezing-
related midbrain regions project to the cerebellum, which is known to regulate rapid …