Sleep is essential to cognitive function and health in humans, yet the ultimate reasons for
sleep—ie 'why'sleep evolved—remain mysterious. We integrate findings from human sleep …

The cranial circulation and innervation systems of turtles have been studied for more than
two centuries and extensively used to understand turtle systematics. Although a significant …

The detection of evolutionary shifts in trait evolution from extant taxa is motivated by the
study of convergent evolution, or to correlate shifts in traits with habitat changes or with …

Little is known about patterns of genic DNA methylation across the plant kingdom or about
the evolutionary processes that shape them. To characterize gene-body methylation (gbM) …

Background GC pairs are generally more stable than AT pairs; GC-rich genomes were
proposed to be more adapted to high temperatures than AT-rich genomes. Previous studies …

Microbial organisms inhabit virtually all environments and encompass a vast biological
diversity. The pangenome concept aims to facilitate an understanding of diversity within …

A satisfactory account of human cognitive evolution will explain not only the psychological
mechanisms that make our species unique, but also how, when, and why these traits …

Abstract Models based on the Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process have become standard for the
comparative study of adaptation. have cast doubt on this practice by claiming statistical …

Human land-use results in widespread range change across taxa. Anthropogenic pressures
can result in species' realized niches expanding, shifting, or contracting. Marginalization …

Cooperative breeding systems, in which non-breeding individuals provide care for the
offspring of dominant group members, occur in less than 1% of mammals and are …