Mitochondria play a pivotal role in energy generation and cellular physiological processes.
These organelles are highly dynamic, constantly changing their morphology, cellular …

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that in recent years have received special attention for
their regulatory functions in numerous biological processes. Recent evidence suggests a …

PINK1-Parkin mediated mitophagy, a selective form of autophagy, represents one of the
most important mechanisms in mitochondrial quality control (MQC) via the clearance of …

Neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation induces recovery in animal models of central
nervous system (CNS) diseases. Although the replacement of lost endogenous cells was …

Most cells constitutively secrete mitochondrial DNA and proteins in extracellular vesicles
(EVs). While EVs are small vesicles that transfer material between cells, Mitochondria …

Discovered in the late 1980s as an extracellular vesicle of endosomal origin secreted from
reticulocytes, exosomes recently gained scientific attention due to its role in intercellular …

In addition to their intracellular mobility, mitochondria and their components can exist
outside the cells from which they originate. As a result, they are capable of acting on non …

Mammalian genes were long thought to be constrained within somatic cells in most cell
types. This concept was challenged recently when cellular organelles including …

In the past years, we have learnt that tumors co-evolve with their microenvironment, and that
the active interaction between cancer cells and stromal cells plays a pivotal role in cancer …

Cellular cross-talk within the tumor microenvironment (TME) by exosomes is known to
promote tumor progression. Tumor promoting macrophages with an M2 phenotype are …