This review surveys the large variety of mechanical interactions between wind and plants,
from plant organs to plant systems. These interactions range from leaf flutter to uprooting …

Forest canopies are important components of the terrestrial carbon budget, which has
motivated a worldwide effort, FLUXNET, to measure CO2 exchange between forests and the …

This paper describes the transition from open channel flow to flow over submerged
vegetation using velocity measurements collected with acoustic Doppler velocimetry (ADV) …

Large coherent structures over vegetation canopies are responsible for a substantial part of
the turbulent transfer of momentum, heat and mass between the canopy and the …

Sharp heterogeneities in forest structure, such as edges, are often responsible for wind
damage. In order to better understand the behaviour of turbulent flow through canopy edges …

In this study, large-eddy simulations are performed to investigate the flow inside and around
large finite-size wind farms in conventionally-neutral atmospheric boundary layers. Special …

A modification of the most popular two-equation (E–φ) models, taking into account the plant
drag, is proposed. Here E is the turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) and φ is any of the following …

The structure of the bottom boundary layer (BBL) in aquatic flows influences a range of
biophysical processes, including sediment transport, hyporheic exchange, and biofilm …

The structure of turbulent flows along a transition between tall-forested canopies and forest
clearings continues to be an active research topic in canopy turbulence. The difficulties in …

The statistics of turbulent flow across a forest edge have been examined using large-eddy
simulation, and results compared with field and wind-tunnel observations. The moorland-to …