Tuberculosis (TB) is an international public health priority and kills almost two million people
annually. TB is out of control in Africa due to increasing poverty and HIV coinfection, and …

Tuberculosis ranges among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. A
diagnostic approach to a patient with possible tuberculosis includes a detailed medical …

We investigated whether the proinflammatory T cell cytokines IL-17 and IL-22 are induced
by human mycobacterial infection. Remarkably,> 20% of specific cytokine-producing CD4+ …

A key issue for the study of tuberculosis infection (TB) is to understand why individuals
infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis experience different clinical outcomes. Elaborating …

To determine the role of human β-defensin 2 (HBD-2) in human tuberculosis, we studied the
in vitro induction of HBD-2 gene expression by Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv infection …

A key issue for the study of tuberculosis is to understand why individuals infected with
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) experience different clinical outcomes. To better …

Immune factors influencing progression to active tuberculosis (TB) remain poorly defined. In
this study, we investigated the expression of immunoregulatory cytokines and receptors by …

Rationale: Although it is well recognized that CD4+ T cells and T helper (Th) 1 cytokines are
critical in the cell-mediated response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, it is also clear that this …

Biomarkers for treatment response would facilitate the testing of urgently needed new anti-
tuberculous drugs. The present study investigated the profiles of 30 proinflammatory, anti …

Rationale: In a large proportion of patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis (pTB), acid-
fast bacilli smear results for sputum and bronchial secretions are negative. Detectable …