The success of anticancer therapy is usually limited by the development of drug resistance.
Such acquired resistance is driven, in part, by intratumoural heterogeneity—that is, the …

Interleukin-22 (IL-22) is a recently described IL-10 family cytokine that is produced by T
helper (Th) 17 cells, γδ T cells, NKT cells, and newly described innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) …

B cell activation and differentiation yields plasma cells with high affinity antibodies to a given
antigen in a time-frame that allows for host protection. Although the end product is most …

Transcription factors are key cellular components that control gene expression: their
activities determine how cells function and respond to the environment. Currently, there is …

The helix-loop-helix (HLH) family of transcriptional regulatory proteins are key players in a
wide array of developmental processes. Over 240 HLH proteins have been identified to date …

Each antibody-producing B cell makes antibodies of unique specificity, reflecting a series of
ordered gene rearrangements which must be successfully performed if the cell is to survive …

Abstracts Early B cell lymphopoiesis depends on E2A, Ebf1, Pax5 and Ikaros family
members. In the present study, we used acute protein degradation in mice to identify direct …

PU. 1 is a member of the ets family of transcription factors and is expressed exclusively in
cells of the hematopoietic lineage. Mice homozygous for a disruption in the PU. 1 DNA …

Starting with multipotent progenitors, hematopoietic lineages are specified by lineage-
restricted transcription factors. The transcription factors that determine the decision between …

The Pax5 gene encoding the B-cell-specific activator protein (BSAP) is expressed within the
haematopoietic system exclusively in the B-lymphoid lineage, where it is required in vivo for …