Aging is a natural process that is associated with cognitive decline as well as functional and
social impairments. One structure of particular interest when considering aging and …

Brain function critically relies on blood vessels to supply oxygen and nutrients, to establish a
barrier for neurotoxic substances, and to clear waste products. The archetypal vascular …

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of death in young adults and children. The
treatment of TBI in the acute phase has improved substantially; however, the prevention and …

Roughly ten years ago the FDA approved most of the presently used anti-VEGF drugs for the
treatment of neovascular AMD and other eye pathologies characterized by ocular …

Recent studies have implicated glial cells in modulation of synaptic transmission, so it is
plausible that glial cells may have a functional role in the hyperexcitability characteristic of …

Epilepsy is a brain disease associated with epileptic seizures as well as with
neurobehavioral outcomes of this condition. In the last century, inflammation emerged as a …

Neurodegeneration (NDG) is linked with the progressive loss of neural function with
intellectual and/or motor impairment. Several diseases affecting older individuals, including …

Recent studies suggest that blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability contributes to
epileptogenesis in symptomatic epilepsies. We have previously described angiogenesis …

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) A is generated as two isoform families by
alternative RNA splicing, represented by VEGF-A 165 a and VEGF-A 165 b. These isoforms …

Angiogenesis and increased permeability of the blood–brain barrier have been reported to
occur in animal models of Parkinson's disease and l-dopa-induced dyskinesia, but the …