Spatial skills are an important component of success in science, technology, engineering,
and math (STEM) fields. A majority of what we know about spatial skills today is a result of …

Spatial intelligence concerns the locations of objects, their shapes, their relations, and the
paths they take as they move. Recognition of spatial skills enriches the traditional …

Geoscientists use spatial thinking skills in many common tasks, such as adding a third
dimension to two-dimensional maps by drawing cross-sections or envisioning rock fabrics …

Spatial ability is important for success in STEM fields but is typically measured using a small
number of tests that were not developed in the STEM context, have not been normed with …

Many studies on visuospatial reasoning have drawn upon a psychological perspective.
Importantly, some research has shown that spatial capabilities are developed through …

Research from cognitive science and geoscience education has shown that sketching can
improve spatial thinking skills and facilitate solving spatially complex problems. Yet …

The ability to accurately reason using three-dimensional visualizations is vital to success in
STEM disciplines, particularly the geosciences. One impediment to learning from …

An irony of college instruction is that most professors learn to teach simply by drawing on
memories of their own experience as students, coupled with trial and error. This lack of …

Spatial abilities are grounded in the way we interact with and understand the world through
our physical body. However, existing spatial ability training materials are largely paper-or …

This chapter aims to review the literature related to the research question of why some
students are performing at a lower level in secondary science in Years 9 and 10 in New …