Innate immunity is the first defense system against invading pathogens. Toll-like receptors
(TLRs) are well-defined pattern recognition receptors responsible for pathogen recognition …

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune illness marked by the loss of
immune tolerance and the production of autoantibodies against nucleic acids and other …

TLR7 has been linked to the pathogenesis of glomerulonephritis, but its precise roles are not
clear. In this study, we evaluated the roles of TLR7 in IgA nephropathy (IgAN). TLR7 proteins …

Purpose and methods B cell-activating factor (BAFF) contributes to the pathogenesis of
autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Although several anti …

Abstract Purpose of the Review Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is driven by nucleic
acid-containing antigens that stimulate endosomal TLRs. We review new advances in our …

Linear ubiquitin chains play pivotal roles in immune signaling by augmenting NF‐κB
activation and suppressing programmed cell death induced by various stimuli. A20‐binding …

Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) is involved in various inflammation-
related diseases. Both the kinase and scaffolding functions of IRAK4 initiate pro …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a major role in the innate immune system. Several studies
have shown the regulatory effects of TLR-mediated pathways on immune and inflammatory …

Background Asthma is a global public health concern. The underlying pathogenetic
mechanisms of asthma were poorly understood. This study aims to explore potential …

The search for dementia treatments, including treatments for neuropsychiatric lupus
(NPSLE), has not yet uncovered useful therapeutic targets that mitigate underlying …