The 100 years since the publication of Albert Einstein's theory of general relativity saw
significant development of the understanding of the theory, the identification of potential …

The collection of individually resolvable gravitational wave (GW) events makes up a tiny
fraction of all GW signals that reach our detectors, while most lie below the confusion limit …

We report multiple lines of evidence for a stochastic signal that is correlated among 67
pulsars from the 15 yr pulsar timing data set collected by the North American Nanohertz …

Pulsar timing arrays aim to detect nanohertz-frequency gravitational waves (GWs). A
background of GWs modulates pulsar arrival times and manifests as a stochastic process …

The 15 yr pulsar timing data set collected by the North American Nanohertz Observatory for
Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav) shows positive evidence for the presence of a low …

We present the results of the search for an isotropic stochastic gravitational wave
background (GWB) at nanohertz frequencies using the second data release of the European …

The NANOGrav 15 yr data set shows evidence for the presence of a low-frequency
gravitational-wave background (GWB). While many physical processes can source such low …

We searched for an isotropic stochastic gravitational wave background in the second data
release of the International Pulsar Timing Array, a global collaboration synthesizing decadal …

The noise in millisecond pulsar (MSP) timing data can include contributions from observing
instruments, the interstellar medium, the solar wind, solar system ephemeris errors, and the …

Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) are galactic-scale gravitational wave (GW) detectors. Each
individual arm, composed of a millisecond pulsar, a radio telescope, and a kiloparsecs-long …