Narcolepsy is the most common neurological cause of chronic sleepiness. The discovery
about 20 years ago that narcolepsy is caused by selective loss of the neurons producing …

Humans have been fascinated by sleep for millennia. After almost a century of scientific
interrogation, significant progress has been made in understanding the neuronal regulation …

Chronic sleep disturbances, associated with cardiometabolic diseases, psychiatric disorders
and all-cause mortality,, affect 25–30% of adults worldwide. Although environmental factors …

The hypothalamus is among the most phylogenetically conserved regions in the vertebrate
brain, reflecting its critical role in maintaining physiological and behavioural homeostasis. By …

Despite decades of intense study, the functions of sleep are still shrouded in mystery. The
difficulty in understanding these functions can be at least partly attributed to the varied …

Internal states of the brain profoundly influence behavior. Fluctuating states such as
alertness can be governed by neuromodulation, but the underlying mechanisms and cell …

Sleep is homeostatically regulated with sleep pressure accumulating with the increasing
duration of prior wakefulness. Yet, a clear understanding of the molecular components of the …

The lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) lies at the intersection of multiple neural and humoral
systems and orchestrates fundamental aspects of behavior. Two neuronal cell types found in …

Circadian rhythms are driven by a transcription–translation feedback loop that separates
anabolic and catabolic processes across the Earth's 24-h light–dark cycle. Central …

The frequencies of eating disorders and obesity have increased worldwide in recent years.
Their pathophysiologies are still unclear, but recent evidence suggests that they might be …