The temperature of a solid tumor is often dissimilar to baseline body temperature and,
compared to healthy tissues, may be elevated, reduced, or a mix of both. The temperature of …

Herpes simplex viruses are ubiquitous human pathogens represented by two distinct
serotypes: herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 (HSV-1); and HSV type 2 (HSV-2). In the …

In many animal experiments scientists and local authorities define a body-weight reduction
of 20% or more as severe suffering and thereby as a potential parameter for humane …

The consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the musculoskeletal system represent a
dangerous knowledge gap. Aging patients are at added risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection; …

Body temperature is a valuable parameter in determining the wellbeing of laboratory
animals. However, using body temperature to refine humane endpoints during acute illness …

To best promote animal wellbeing and the efficacy of biomedical models, scientific,
husbandry, and veterinary professionals must consider the mechanisms, influences, and …

Interferon (IFN) responses are critical for controlling herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1). The
importance of neuronal IFN signaling in controlling acute and latent HSV-1 infection remains …

Brain ischemia is one of the principal causes of death and disability worldwide in which
prevention or an effective treatment does not exist. In order to develop successful treatments …

In experimental animal research body temperature (BT) is measured for the objective
determination of an animals' physiological condition. Invasive, probe-based measurements …

Animal models are critical to the advancement of our knowledge of infectious disease
pathogenesis, diagnostics, therapeutics, and prevention strategies. The use of animal …