Inflammation is a complex biological response fundamental to how the body deals with
injury and infection to eliminate the initial cause of cell injury and effect repair. Unlike a …

Neuroinflammatory response is primarily a protective mechanism in the brain. However,
excessive and chronic inflammatory responses can lead to deleterious effects involving …

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by persistent deficits in social
communication and interaction and restricted-repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or …

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a dynamic interface between the peripheral blood supply
and the cerebral parenchyma, controlling the transport of material to and from the brain …

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a set of complex neurodevelopmental disorders. Recent
studies reported that children with ASD have altered gut microbiota profiles compared with …

The skin, including the hypodermis, is the largest body organ and is in constant contact with
the environment. Neurogenic inflammation is the result of the activity of nerve endings and …

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) affect as many as 1 in 45 children and are characterized
by deficits in sociability and communication, as well as stereotypic movements. Many …

It is well recognized that neuroinflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of various
neurodegenerative diseases. Microglia and astrocytes are major pathogenic components …

Purpose This review aimed to take stock of the current status of research on damage-
associated molecular pattern (DAMP) protein. We discuss the Janus-faced role of DAMP …

Brain “fog” is a constellation of symptoms that include reduced cognition, inability to
concentrate and multitask, as well as loss of short and long term memory. Brain “fog” …