Obesity, type 2 diabetes, and their associated comorbidities impact brain metabolism and
function and constitute risk factors for cognitive impairment. Alterations to taurine …

One-carbon metabolism (OCM) is a network of biochemical reactions delivering one-carbon
units to various biosynthetic pathways. The folate cycle and methionine cycle are the two key …

Enzymes regulate biological processes through the conversion of specific substrates to
products. Therefore, of fundamental interest for every enzyme is the elucidation of its natural …

Taurine is considered the most abundant free amino acid in the brain. Even though there are
endogenous mechanisms for taurine production in neural cells, an exogenous supply of …

This chapter reports present knowledge on the properties of mice with disrupted gene
coding for the taurine transporter (taut−/− mice). Study of those mice unraveled some of the …

Tanycytes are located at the base of the brain and retain characteristics from their
developmental origins, such as radial glial cells, throughout their life span. With transport …

Ischemic stroke exhibits a multiplicity of pathophysiological mechanisms. To address the
diverse pathophysiological mechanisms observed in ischemic stroke investigators seek to …

Hedgehog signaling is critical for vertebrate central nervous system (CNS) development, but
its role in CNS biology in other organisms is poorly characterized. In the planarian …

The inner blood-retinal barrier (inner BRB) is created by complex tight junctions of retinal
capillary endothelial cells. Although this barrier prevents the free diffusion of substances …

In 1970s, taurine deficiency was reported to induce photoreceptor degeneration in cats and
rats. Recently, we found that taurine deficiency contributes to the retinal toxicity of vigabatrin …