Blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a natural protective membrane that prevents central nervous
system (CNS) from toxins and pathogens in blood. However, the presence of BBB …

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) consist of a group of chronic inflammatory disorders
with a complex etiology, which represent a clinical challenge due to their often therapy …

A major immunopathological feature of Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is excessive
inflammation in the form of “cytokine storm”. The storm is characterized by injurious levels of …

Our previous study demonstrated that L-tryptophan (Trp)-depleted cells display a marked
enhancement in Trp uptake facilitated by extracellular tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase …

Both receptor-binding domain in spike protein (S-RBD) of severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and human neuropilin-1 (NRP1) are important in the …

Neuropilin-1 (NRP1) is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed by several cell types
including, neurons, endothelial cells (ECs), smooth muscle cells, cardiomyocytes and …

Bone remodeling is the balance between osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Bone diseases such
as osteoporosis and osteoarthritis are associated with imbalanced bone remodeling …

Recently, a new variant B. 1.1. 529 or Omicron variant and its sub-variants (BA2. 75, BA. 5)
of SARS-CoV-2 (Severe acute respiratory virus 2) have been reported with a larger number …

The L-tryptophan (Trp) transport system is highly selective for Trp with affinity in the
nanomolar range. This transport system is augmented in human interferon (IFN)-γ-treated …

Critical illness and sepsis may cause organ failure and are recognized as mortality drivers in
hospitalized patients. Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) is a multifaceted transmembrane protein …