Sustainable energy solutions and electrification are driving increased demand for critical
minerals. Unfortunately, current mineral processing techniques are resource intensive, use …

Metal-organic framework (MOF) materials with tunable structures and functionalities have
demonstrated great potential as promising membrane materials play a crucial role in various …

Abstract The Donnan–Manning model accurately describes the thermodynamic properties
(eg, ion sorption) of many charged polymers equilibrated with aqueous electrolytes, such as …

Understanding the mechanism behind the permeation of multivalent ions through ion
exchange membranes remains an ongoing challenge. Here we address this knowledge gap …

Membranes capable of differentiating between similarly charged ions could enable
applications such as resource recovery from naturally occurring waters and industrial …

The activity coefficients of ions in polymeric ion-exchange membranes (IEMs) dictate the
equilibrium partitioning coefficient of the ions between the membrane and the liquid. It also …

Concerted motions of ions arising due to ion aggregation and counterion condensation are
often neglected when interpreting salt transport in ion exchange membranes. In this study …

Polymer cation exchange membranes (CEMs) are widely used in water treatment
processes. The fundamental factors that control the separation and selectivity of cations with …

Sustainable energy conversion, chemical manufacturing, and separations are central to
addressing the world's energy and environmental challenges. Electrochemical platforms …

Membranes consist of pores and the walls of these pores are often charged. In contact with
an aqueous solution, the distribution of ions between external and pore solution at chemical …