BACKGROUND Effects of recent global warming have been documented in every biome on
Earth. Safeguarding biodiversity and ecosystem services against future impacts requires …

Climate change is predicted to become a major threat to biodiversity in the 21st century, but
accurate predictions and effective solutions have proved difficult to formulate. Alarming …

Aim Identifying and protecting refugia is a priority for conservation under projected
anthropogenic climate change, because of their demonstrated ability to facilitate the survival …

Climate change in the past has led to significant changes in species' distributions. However,
how individual species respond to climate change depends largely on their adaptations and …

The glacial episodes of the Quaternary (2.6 million years ago–present) were a major factor
in shaping the present-day distributions of extant flora and fauna, with expansions and …

Using multivariate techniques, several skulls of fossil large canids from sites in Belgium,
Ukraine and Russia were examined to look for possible evidence of the presence of …

The term 'refugia'was originally used to describe the restricted full-glacial locations of
modern mid-and high-latitude taxa, especially trees and shrubs. We discuss the extension of …

Species distribution modeling (SDM: statistical and/or mechanistic approaches to the
assessment of range determinants and prediction of species occurrence) offers new …

Although an African origin of the modern human species is generally accepted, the
evolutionary processes involved in the speciation, geographical spread, and eventual …

Geohistorical data and analyses are playing an increasingly important role in conservation
biology practice and policy. In this review, we discuss examples of how the near-time and …