The field of cAMP signaling is witnessing exciting developments with the recognition that
cAMP is compartmentalized and that spatial regulation of cAMP is critical for faithful signal …

Endocytosis allows cells to transport particles and molecules across the plasma membrane.
In addition, it is involved in the termination of signalling through receptor downmodulation …

Efficacy of monoclonal antibodies against calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) or its
receptor (calcitonin receptor-like receptor/receptor activity modifying protein-1, CLR/RAMP1) …

G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), the largest family of signalling receptors, as well as
important drug targets, are known to activate extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK)—a …

Intricate relationships between endocytosis and cellular signaling, first recognized nearly 40
years ago through the study of tyrosine kinase growth factor receptors, are now known to …

Adenylyl cyclases (ACs) catalyze the conversion of ATP to the ubiquitous second
messenger cAMP. Mammals possess nine isoforms of transmembrane ACs, dubbed AC1–9 …

3', 5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) mediates the effects of sympathetic
stimulation on the rate and strength of cardiac contraction. Beyond this pivotal role, in …

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are integral membrane proteins that transduce a wide
array of inputs including light, ions, hormones, and neurotransmitters into intracellular …

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest group of receptors involved in cellular
signaling across the plasma membrane and a major class of drug targets. The canonical …

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest family of cell surface receptors and a
critical class of regulators of mammalian physiology. Also known as seven transmembrane …